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Paraesthesia
Usually a nerve under pressure and harmless — but persistent or one-sided it needs assessment.
Also known as: tingling · pins and needles · numbness · paraesthesia
Open in the tool — with search and all the links →This compilation is for information and replaces neither medical diagnosis nor treatment. If you have symptoms, see a doctor.
Tingling or a numb, furry feeling arises when nerves are irritated, pressed or less well supplied. Quite harmless is the “asleep” arm after an awkward position. But if it persists, look at the cause: a nerve pressed at a tight spot (e.g. carpal tunnel at the wrist), vitamin B12 deficiency, high blood sugar (diabetic nerve damage), circulation problems or back/disc issues. The pattern matters: a single finger/spot (more likely a local nerve) or symmetric in both feet (more likely metabolic). Get checked quickly for sudden numbness or weakness on one side of the body, with speech or vision trouble — this can be an emergency. If the splint does not ease the night-time symptoms, or a lasting loss of sensation, weakening thumb strength or a shrinking thumb pad is added, surgery becomes the question.
Before another supplement is added because of tingling, it is worth laying all the products taken side by side. High-dose vitamin B6 over months is a known and readily correctable cause.
Where, when, how often — this separates local-nerve from metabolic causes.
Vitamin B12 and blood sugar clarify two of the most common causes.
For carpal tunnel: e.g. a night splint and adjusted load.
With stroke warning signs, every minute counts — call emergency services.
A tapeworm from raw freshwater fish takes the vitamin in the small bowel. Rare, but the one cause of B12 lack that ends with a single treatment.
Tingling in both feet that spreads slowly upward over months points to nerve damage from the outside inward — the most common reasons are sugar, alcohol, B12 and medicines. Tingling in one hand at night points to a squeeze at the wrist. Tingling that arises within minutes and affects one side of the body is an emergency. The difference lies in time and distribution, not in intensity.
Classic painkillers do little for nerve pain, because the signal does not come from inflamed tissue. What works damps the excitability of the nerves: gabapentin, pregabalin, amitriptyline, duloxetine — they need two to four weeks and are raised slowly. They damp the signal, they do not repair the nerve. What reaches the nerve is removing the cause: sugar, alcohol, B12, a medicine. Nerves regrow at about a millimetre a day.
Certain fingers or one spot suggest a pinched nerve (carpal tunnel).
Both sides “like socks” points to B12 deficiency or diabetes.
Briefly “asleep” after pressure/position is harmless and passes quickly.
Sudden one-sided numbness/weakness with speech/vision trouble → emergency (stroke).
Without B12 the insulating layer of the nerves is not maintained. A lack causes tingling, numbness and unsteadiness in the dark — and it is one of the few reasons for nerve trouble that can be fully undone if found early.
The nerves cover their energy needs through thiamine. It runs short with alcohol, after stomach operations, with long-lasting vomiting and under water tablets.
Here both count: a lack harms the nerves, and too high an intake over months harms them as well. Supplements therefore belong taken in a dose that has a reason.
Works together with B12. Given alone, folate can improve the blood count while the B12 deficiency goes on damaging the nerves — which is why both are looked at together.
The classic reason for tingling in hands and feet. If the deficiency is missed for months, part of the nerve damage remains — which is why it is measured early rather than waited out.
Here in both directions: deficiency causes nerve complaints, and excess does too. Above 50 mg a day over months is the range where tingling from B6 itself is described — a look at every preparation taken is worth it.
Best studied in diabetic nerve damage — 600 mg a day over 3–5 weeks showed less burning and tingling. For other causes the data are missing.
In pregnancy clearly established against neural-tube defects, otherwise mainly with deficiency. Can mask a B12 deficiency — watch both.
An underactive thyroid makes tissue in the wrist swell and press on the nerve — carpal tunnel syndrome is one of the common first presentations of an unrecognised underactive thyroid.
Sugar that has been too high for years damages the finest nerves first — in feet and lower legs, on both sides, from below upwards. That is the most common explanation of all for lasting tingling.
Tingling in hands and feet is one of the earliest signs of B12 deficiency — often years before the blood count changes. Especially common on metformin, after stomach surgery and on a purely plant-based diet.
Above about 50 mg a day over months vitamin B6 can itself cause a nerve disorder. With tingling it is worth looking at the supplements taken, not only at deficiencies.
Tingling in hands and feet is one of the earliest signs of B12 deficiency — often years before the blood count shows anything. The earlier it is corrected the more can be recovered.
AWMF 005-003 · S3 · 2022-04 — in force
Diagnostik und Therapie des Karpaltunnelsyndroms
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checked 2026-09