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I smell and taste less

Anosmie · Ageusie

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Usually the nose, not the tongue — and a zinc or B12 deficiency is readily corrected.

Also known as: loss of smell · loss of taste · anosmia · ageusia · food tastes of nothing

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This compilation is for information and replaces neither medical diagnosis nor treatment. If you have symptoms, see a doctor.

What we call “taste” is largely smell. The tongue distinguishes sweet, sour, salty, bitter and umami — everything else comes through the nose, from behind, while chewing. So the most common reason for food suddenly tasting of nothing is not the tongue but a blocked or inflamed nose. After a cold, smell can take weeks to return. If it stays away longer, it is worth looking at polyps, chronic sinus inflammation or allergic swelling. Dry lining plays a part too, since scent molecules must be able to dissolve to be perceived. Smoking dulls it lastingly. Zinc deficiency and vitamin B12 deficiency are known and readily corrected reasons. Many medicines change taste, as do dental problems, dry mouth and radiotherapy to the head. With age the sense of smell slowly declines — that is normal, but it does not explain a sudden loss. A one-sided loss, or a loss together with headache, should be assessed.

Levers & pathways

associatedZinc as one of the explanations

A loss of taste and smell is among the early signs of zinc deficiency. The blood value has to be read fasting and together with the CRP, though, or it misleads.

associatedSmell training, twice a day

Four familiar scents, 20 seconds each — over weeks, not days.

associatedKeep the nose moist

Saline rinse and humid air; scents need moisture to arrive.

associatedHave zinc and B12 checked

Two values that can explain something and are simple to correct.

associatedDeal with safety

Without smell the warning for smoke and gas is missing — detectors matter more then.

infoNumbers and timeframes

Smell declines measurably from about sixty; over eighty more than half are affected. After a viral infection it recovers in most within six to twelve months — smell training with four scents, twice a day over twelve weeks, improves the result measurably. What is perceived as taste is about eighty per cent smell; which is why “nothing tastes of anything” almost always means the nose. Zinc helps with a documented deficiency.

infoWhat the medicine does — and what it does not

Cortisone nasal spray works if swelling or polyps block the way to the smelling lining — it does not work if the smell nerve itself is affected. Zinc helps with a documented deficiency. What works after a viral infection in studies is not a drug but practice: smell training with four scents, morning and evening, twenty seconds per scent, over twelve weeks — it improves recovery measurably and costs nothing.

Possible complaints

associatedAfter a cold

Very common; return often takes weeks and can be supported with smell training.

associatedNose blocked all the time

Points to polyps, chronic sinuses or an allergy — treatable.

associatedOnly taste, not smell

Then rather mouth and teeth: dryness, inflammation, denture, medication.

associatedOne side only or with headache

This combination should be looked at medically — no rush, but no putting off.

Blood values

associatedZinc

A deficiency is a known reason for blunted smell and taste.

associatedVitamin B12

A deficiency affects nerves — including those for smell and taste.

associatedFerritin (iron store)

An empty store leaves the lining of the mouth thin and sensitive.

Nutrients

studiedZinc

The taste buds renew themselves every ten days and need zinc for it. A lack is one of the few reasons for fading taste that can be measured and put right.

associatedVitamin B12

Affects the nerves of smell and taste too. Together with tingling in the fingers and a smooth tongue a picture emerges that belongs together.

associatedVitamin A

Keeps the smelling lining in order. A lack is rare here but occurs with disturbed fat uptake and a very one-sided diet.

studiedFluid

Smelling and tasting need a moist lining. Dry heated air, mouth breathing and drinking too little damp both at once without anything being ill.

Supplements

mixedZinc

With a proven zinc deficiency taste returns, otherwise the studies show nothing. After a viral infection smell needs months — smell training with four scents twice daily over 12 weeks is better documented than any capsule.

infoVitamin B12

Clearly worthwhile and well supported when deficient — vegan, older adults, certain drugs. No energy boost without a deficiency.

Hormones

associatedT4 (thyroxine)

An underactive thyroid measurably dampens smell and taste, and treatment restores both. It is one of the few fixable reasons and one of the least often checked.

associatedKisspeptin

With Kallmann syndrome the sense of smell and puberty are missing together — the nerve cells for both travel the same path in development. Anyone who has never smelled anything and enters puberty late or not at all has an explanation here.

Food

studiedCheck zinc

Zinc deficiency is one of the few correctable causes. After correction taste usually returns in 4–8 weeks; without deficiency zinc brings nothing.

infoSeasoning without more salt

When nothing tastes of anything, more salt often goes on. Herbs, lemon, vinegar and pungency bring flavour by other routes — that keeps salt in check.

Alternative approaches — what people use

mixedZinc

With a proven zinc deficiency taste usually returns within 4–8 weeks after correction. Without deficiency zinc does not work — with smell loss after a viral infection daily smell training over months helps instead.

Frequencies — what is on file

traditionalLoss of smell (anosmia)

Listed values: 20 · 10000 Hz

traditionalLoss of taste (anosmia / ageusia)

Listed values: 20 · 10000 Hz